SomeThing

Perfect tense: PPT Minggu, Feb 28 2010

Uncategorized raynal 2:21 pm

Standard Competency :
—        To comprehend and express the meanings of short functional and simple monolog essay texts in the form of Perfect Tense in the daily life context to access knowledge
Basic Competency :
—        To respond and express the meaning nuance and the rhetorical steps within the short functional and simple monolog essay texts in the form of perfect tense (present perfect, past perfect and future perfect tense)accurately and fluently in the daily life context to access knowledge
Indicators :
After having finished the lesson, the student are expected to be able to:
—        understand the pattern of perfect tense
—        identify perfect tense in a certain text
—        use perfect tense in making sentences and telling an event or action.

The present perfect tense is a perfect tense used to express action that has been completed with respect to the present. (The word perfect in its name refers to the idea of completion—of being now finished—rather than to perfection in the sense of “no flaws”.)
“I have finished” is an example of the present perfect. The present perfect is a compound tense in English (and in many other languages), meaning that it is formed by combining an auxiliary verb with the main verb. For example, in modern English, it is formed by combining a present-tense form of the auxiliary verb “to have” with the past participle of the main verb. In the above example, “have” is the auxiliary verb, whereas the past participle “finished” is the main verb. The two verbs are sometimes labeled “V1″ and “V2″ in grammar instruction.

—        Present Perfect Tense is used for describing a past action’s effect on the present: He has arrived. Now he is here. This holds true for events that have just been secluded as well as for events that have not yet occurred.
Present perfect is formed by combining have/has with the main verb’s past participle form:
—        I have arrived.
A negation is produced by inserting not after have/has:
—        I have not arrived.
Questions in present perfect are formulated by starting a sentence with have/has:
—        Has she arrived?
Adverbs used:
Past Perfect Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened
The pattern :
–         (+) Subject + had+verb III+cmplement
–         (-) Subject + had not+ver III+complement
–         (?) Had + subject +verb III+complement
–         (+) We had eaten before they came
–         (-) They had not eaten before we came
–         (?) Had they eaten before we came?

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Vocabs: Shapes, Parts of Body Minggu, Feb 28 2010

Uncategorized raynal 2:13 pm

not yet loaded.

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Reading: analyze characters, setting etc Minggu, Feb 28 2010

Uncategorized raynal 1:59 pm

Firstly, go through the text, and find all of

character, physical traits, like his/her hair

colour, eye colour, tall, weight, characteristic, etc.

Second, figure out if the character is a minor or major character.

We could also analyze

character by realizing the

different traits the person as

personality wise, like if the

character is soft spoken,

wise,mean to certain

people,

prejudice,

etc.

Analyze setting.

We need to see the

time of day, prior place,

future place, etc.

We also have a good start with

who,

what,

when,

why,

and how.

The topics in this section are plot, character, setting, the narrator, figurative language, the way reality is represented, the world-view.

1. Plot.

As a narrative a work of fiction has a certain arrangement of events which are taken to have a relation to one another. This arrangement of events to some end — for instance to create significance, raise the level of generality, extend or complicate the meaning — is known as ‘plot’.

2. Character.

Characters in a work of fiction are generally designed to open up or explore certain aspects of human experience. Characters often depict particular traits of human nature; they may represent only one or two traits — a greedy old man who has forgotten how to care about others, for instance, or they may represent very complex conflicts, values and emotions.

3. Setting

Narrative requires a setting; this as in poetry may vary from the concrete to the general. Often setting will have particular culturally coded significance — a sea-shore has a significance for us different from that of a dirty street corner, for instance, and different situations and significances can be constructed through its use. Settings, like characters, can be used in contrasting and comparative ways to add significance, can be repeated, repeated with variations, and so forth.

4. The Narrator

A narration requires a narrator, someone (or more than one) who tells the story. This person or persons will see things from a certain perspective, or point of view, in terms of their relation to the events and in terms of their attitude(s) towards the events and characters. A narrator may be external, outside the story, telling it with an ostensibly objective and omniscient voice; or a narrator may be a character (or characters) within the story, telling the story in the first person (either central characters or observer characters, bit players looking in on the scene).

5. Figurative language

As in poetry, there will be figurative language; as in drama, this language tends to be used to characterize the sensibility and understanding of characters as well as to establish thematic and tonal continuities and significance.

6. Representation of reality

Fiction generally claims to represent ‘reality’ (this is known as representation or mimesis) in some way; however, because any narrative is presented through the symbols and codes of human meaning and communication systems, fiction cannot represent reality directly, and different narratives and forms of narrative represent different aspects of reality, and represent reality in different ways.

7. World-view.

As narrative represents experience in some way and as it uses cultural codes and language to do so, it inevitably must be read, as poetry, for its structure of values, for its understanding of the world, or world-view, and for its ideological assumptions, what is assumed to be natural and proper. Every narrative communication makes claims, often implicitly, about the nature of the world as the narrator and his or her cultural traditions understand it to be. The kind of writing we call “literature” tends to use cultural codes and to use the structuring devices of narrative with a high degree of intentionality in order to offer a complex understanding of the world.

Firstly, go through the text, and find all of

character, physical traits, like his/her hair

colour, eye colour, tall, weight, characteristic, etc.

Slide 4

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Greetings Sabtu, Feb 27 2010

Uncategorized raynal 3:02 pm

}        Standard Competency :
To comprehend and express the meanings within the transactional and interpersonal conversations about greetings in the context of daily life
}        Basic Competency :
To respond and express the meanings within the formal / informal transactional and interpersonal conversations accurately and fluently that contains the introduction expressions (greetings), invitation, and appointment
Indicators :
}        After having studied the material given, the students are expected to be able to:
}        identify the expression meaning of greetings that contains self introduction, introducing other people and parting / ending conversation both orally and in written form
}        respond the expression of greetings
}        carry out transactional and interpersonal conversations involving the acts of greeting, introducing and parting

Greeting is an act of communication in which human beings (as well as other members of the animal kingdom) intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show attention to, and to suggest a type of relationship or social status between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other. While greeting customs are highly culture- and situation-specific and may change within a culture depending on social status and relationship, they exist in all known human cultures. Greetings can be expressed both audibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other than gestures.

How do you greet other people?
*         Good Morning/Afternoon/Evening
*         Hello, Ewo
*         Hello, Agnes
*         How are you?
*         How’s everything with you?
*         How’s life ?
*         How are you getting along ?
*         How are you doing ?
*         Fine, thanks
*         Pretty good, thanks
*         I’m well, thanks
*         Not bad, thanks. And you?
How do you introduce yourself?
*         Let me introduce my self, my name is Oghy
*         Hello, I’m Golda
*         Hi, I’m Adi Pramono. You can call me Mono.
*         Hello, my name is Yeni Pratiwi
How do you introduce other people?
}        I would like to introduce Ria Saputri
}        I would like you to meet Grace
}        Excuse me, let me introduce you a new friend. His name is Agus Kuncoro
How do you close or end your coversation?
}        Well, I should be going now. See you!
}        I’m sorry, but I have to go now. It’s been nice talking with you. See you later
}        Well, I must be off now. I’ll talk to you later!